Turbochargers are rarely used with petrol engines but mostly used in diesel engines.We will discuss the reason behind this in this article.
A turbo charger is a device which uses exhaust heat from an Engine to get more air into the Cylinder during Induction stroke.More air translates to increased ability to burn more fuel which in turn increases the Power output (brake horse power) of the Engine.Turbocharging is common in modern car and truck Diesel engines to produce higher power outputs, lower emissions levels, and improved efficiency from a similar capacity of engine. Turbo-Diesels in automobiles offer a higher refinement level than their naturally aspirated counterparts.
Basically turbocharger compresses the air and forces into the engine cylinder so in short, we are putting more air into cylinder which results in more power.Compression of air by TURBOCHARGER INCREASES THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE INSIDE THE CYLINDER.
Now, let us take the case of Diesel Engine:
Diesel as a fuel is not as combustible as petrol. The air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder should be at higher pressures for effective combustion of diesel. To withstand higher combustion pressures a diesel engine is built with strong, heavy parts.So,heavier parts can withstand higher pressure generated by turbocharger.Also,the heavier components of a diesel engine cannot rotate at higher RPMs.Lesser RPM means lesser air intake into combustion chambers. Hence a turbo charger helps a diesel engine to get more air into the combustion chamber.
Now come to Petrol Engine:
Petrol is more combustible than diesel and hence at lower pressures combustion can take place.If we add turbocharger to petrol engine then rise in pressure inside the engine cylinder may lead to problem of knocking.Also the parts of petrol engine is lighter than diesel engine so they may not withstand the pressure rise inside the engine cylinder.These are the reasons why turbochargers are not used with petrol engines.
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