KNOW THE MEANING OF CROSS MARK AT THE END OF BOGGIE OF TRAIN !!

You might have noticed a mark X on the last bogie of a train once in a life. According to a rule, now every train must have this mark on its last bogie. Also, observe the board with letters LV written on it beside the letter X and a red light below the letter X.But do you know what that means? We will discuss about this X mark in this article.

• It indicates that wagon consisting of this letter X is the last wagon of the train.
• The Letter “X” is used during morning whereas Red light below it is used to indicate during night.
• If the last wagon of the train doesn’t contain this symbol, then it indicates that the train is in trouble and also it can be known that train is running without some wagons.
• It can easily alert the railway officials so that they can save from the accident.
• In addition, a small board with ‘LV’ (black on yellow) is often attached to the rear of the vehicle (it stands for Last Vehicle).

There are some cases where a last vehicle indication is not required — for instance, when the number of coaches or wagons in a train can be passed on to each block section after verification from the previous block section at the time the line clear indication is obtained (and with exchange of private numbers). The information is also provided to the section controllers. In some cases when working entirely within one block section, an 'LV' sign is not needed if the number of coaches or wagons is communicated by telephone to the next station.

KNOW WHAT YELLOW OR WHITE STRIPS ON COACHES OF INDIAN RAILWAY MEAN !!

On 16 April, 1853, Indian Railways started its services and the first train travelled at a distance of 33 km from Mumbai to Thane. While travelling through train, you may have seen coloured coaches and different coloured stripes on the train coaches such as yellow or white etc. Have you ever thought why these coloured stripes are given to some of the train coaches, what does it mean? Let us study through this article about the stripes and about the colour coaches & their significance.

On the blue ICF coach, the lines or stripes of yellow or white colour are placed on top of the window at the end of the coach, which is actually used to separate the coach from another coach. These lines indicate the unreserved coach of the second class. When a train arrives at the station, there are many people who are confused about the General Bogie, but by looking these yellow stripes, people can easily understand that this is the General Coach. Coach with white strip shows reservation class.

Similarly, the yellow stripes on blue / red are used for the handicapped and sick people. Similarly, green stripes on the grey indicate that the coach is for women only. These colour patterns are included only for the new Auto Door Closing EMU in Mumbai, Western Railway.Similarly, the red colour stripe indicates the first-class coach.

KNOW WHY TURBOCHARGERS ARE MOSTLY USED IN DIESEL ENGINE !

Turbochargers are rarely used with petrol engines but mostly used in diesel engines.We will discuss the reason behind this in this article.

A turbo charger is a device which uses exhaust heat from an Engine to get more air into the Cylinder during Induction stroke.More air translates to increased ability to burn more fuel which in turn increases the Power output (brake horse power) of the Engine.Turbocharging is common in modern car and truck Diesel engines to produce higher power outputs, lower emissions levels, and improved efficiency from a similar capacity of engine. Turbo-Diesels in automobiles offer a higher refinement level than their naturally aspirated counterparts.

Basically turbocharger compresses the air and forces into the engine cylinder so in short, we are putting more air into cylinder which results in more power.Compression of air by TURBOCHARGER INCREASES THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE INSIDE THE CYLINDER.

Now, let us take the case of Diesel Engine:

Diesel as a fuel is not as combustible as petrol. The air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder should be at higher pressures for effective combustion of diesel. To withstand higher combustion pressures a diesel engine is built with strong, heavy parts.So,heavier parts can withstand higher pressure generated by turbocharger.Also,the heavier components of a diesel engine cannot rotate at higher RPMs.Lesser RPM means lesser air intake into combustion chambers. Hence a turbo charger helps a diesel engine to get more air into the combustion chamber.

Now come to Petrol Engine:

Petrol is more combustible than diesel and hence at lower pressures combustion can take place.If we add turbocharger to petrol engine then rise in pressure inside the engine cylinder may lead to problem of knocking.Also the parts of petrol engine is lighter than diesel engine so they may not withstand the pressure rise inside the engine cylinder.These are the reasons why turbochargers are not used with petrol engines. 

Also read:

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KNOCKING AND DETONATION EXPLAINED !!