KNOW WHY TRAIN ENGINES ARE NOT TURNED OFF AT PLATFORMS !

You might have noticed that diesel trains are never turned off. They are always left running when they are on platforms for 30 or 40 minutes. Have you ever wondered why would the railway department waste so much fuel if the train isn't moving! It seems a bit strange, right? We will discuss the reason behind this in this article.

1.) Every diesel engine has a battery and this battery is charged only when the engine is running, if this battery is not charged then the loco motive system of the train can fail. It takes about 20 minutes for the engine to restart when the red light comes on the way or if the diesel engine of the train is stopped for any reason. Apart from all this, a lot of diesel is required to start a diesel engine.

2.)If the engine is turned off for long periods of time, it takes another long span of time to repressurise (as compressors take power from the engine) the brake lines. Trains, being large and heavy, need the optimal brake line pressure for its efficient stopping. For obvious reasons, loco pilots never compromise on brake line pressure.

3.)If the engine hasn't been started since long (or, if the engine is cold), it takes quite an effort to restart it. Depending on the size and construction of the engine, it can take 10 to 20 minutes just to start it.

4.) In some countries a diesel locomotive also provide hotel load to the coaches powering the air-conditioners, lights and pantry.

5.)Diesel engines don't really use that much fuel when idling, especially compared to the potential problems caused by shutting them down, so the engines are left running unless the train is being berthed for the night.

Today's trains have ‘Auxillary Power Unit (APU)' in order to reduce the fuel consumption while idling. This is a separate system for powering all the electronics, and is also found in aeroplanes. APU can also help in reducing the emissions in diesel locomotives.

It is clear from above points that engine is not shut down to save diesel consumption. Now you know why the diesel engine of the train is not stopped. Let us tell you that in coming time we may not get to see the diesel engines of the train, because diesel engines are being tried to replaced with electricity and this will benefit both the railways and the environment.

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KNOW WHY THERE IS A HOLE IN PLASTIC STOOLS !

We see many products in our day to day life as the need for four legs, and we understand that the legs are in an L shape to strengthen it. But, you might be wondering why there is a hole at the top of each chair or stool. We will understand the scientific reason behind the hole in this article.

In fact, there are definitely some great reasons for this design!

1.) If no holes were present, the chairs will get stuck easily when stacked because of the air pressure caused by the “vacuum” formed within the gap of two chairs.

2.)It's to save materials, which means spending less money and also making more chairs/stools at the same time.

3.)It is a finger hole for you to move and stack the chairs/stool more easily. 

4.)The holes in plastic stools are round and not square for a reason. It’s to maintain the structural integrity of the stool and to prevent it from breaking when you sit.

Also, plastic is tough. When an overweight person sits on it, the plastic will extend in all directions, and the hole can accommodate a weak extension. It seems to make sense.

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KNOW WHY "ABCD" KEYBOARD IS NOT USED !!

QWERTY refers to the arrangement of keys on a standard English computer keyboard or typewriter. The name derives from the first six characters on the top alphabetic line of the keyboard.You might be wondering why ABCD arrangements of keys is not used on keyboard.We will discuss the reason behind this in this article.

The arrangement of characters on a QWERTY keyboard was designed in 1868 by Christopher Sholes, the inventor of the typewriter.When it was first invented, they had keys arranged in an alphabetical order, until configuration was desired over convention.But people typed so fast that mechanical character arm of typewriter got tangled up and it needed to be rectified everytime. So, keys were randomly positioned to actually slow down the speed of typing and preventing the key jams. 

The researchers then struggled for the next five years to perfect this invention, making many trial-and-error rearrangements of the original machine’s alphabetical key arrangement.They came up with QWERTY keyboard arrangements.

Contrary to popular belief, the QWERTY layout was not designed to slow the typist down, but rather to speed up typing by preventing jams. Indeed, there is evidence that, aside from the issue of jamming, placing often-used keys farther apart increases typing speed, because it encourages alternation between the hands.

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