Now a days petrol engines are equipped with fuel injectors instead of carburetors which used to mix air and fuel and then send into combustion chamber.Why are we doing this and what is this technology known as,we will explore this in this post.
In petrol engines, air and fuel are mixed by carburetor and then sent into combustion chamber which is then ignited by spark plug.The problem with carburetor is that it is less efficient because it can not make mixture properly during varying driving conditions and at high altitudes.So,a technology was introduced that injects the fuel directly into combustion chamber like diesel engine and this mixture is ignited by spark plug.This technology is known as GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION.
An engine equipped with GDI has ECU(Electronic Control Unit) and various sensors.These sensors in the engine keeps an eye on various conditions of the engine like engine speed, temperature, load, intake air, exhaust air etc.
Based on all these sensors ECU calculates the fuel flow.There is a high pressure petrol/gasoline rail or line, which is connected with injector, so all the injectors have fuel at same pressure. These injectors put fuel directly into engine cylinder as and when instructed by the ECU.In GDI, the fuel injection of gasoline takes place directly in individual cylinders of the engine and not in a common intake manifold as in case of MPFI. This improves the engine efficiency as well as the performance. GDI is also known by many other names like DGCI, CGI etc.
In petrol engines, air and fuel are mixed by carburetor and then sent into combustion chamber which is then ignited by spark plug.The problem with carburetor is that it is less efficient because it can not make mixture properly during varying driving conditions and at high altitudes.So,a technology was introduced that injects the fuel directly into combustion chamber like diesel engine and this mixture is ignited by spark plug.This technology is known as GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION.
Working of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI):
An engine equipped with GDI has ECU(Electronic Control Unit) and various sensors.These sensors in the engine keeps an eye on various conditions of the engine like engine speed, temperature, load, intake air, exhaust air etc.
Based on all these sensors ECU calculates the fuel flow.There is a high pressure petrol/gasoline rail or line, which is connected with injector, so all the injectors have fuel at same pressure. These injectors put fuel directly into engine cylinder as and when instructed by the ECU.In GDI, the fuel injection of gasoline takes place directly in individual cylinders of the engine and not in a common intake manifold as in case of MPFI. This improves the engine efficiency as well as the performance. GDI is also known by many other names like DGCI, CGI etc.
Advantages of GDI:
- The calculations done are very quick and direct injection into the cylinder makes the running of engine extremely efficient as compared with carburettor or MPFI.
- GDI engines support Ultra Lean Burn technology in which the engine is fed with very little gasoline when the load on the engine is very low.This results in better fuel economy.
- It results in complete combustion of fuel which results in low pollution and emissions.
- Better acceleration.
Limitations of GDI:
- Cost is slightly high as compared to carburetor vehicle.
- Skilled person is required for maintenance as it contains sensors and ECU.
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