KNOW WHY BIRDS DON’T GET ELECTRIC SHOCK ON NAKED WIRES !

On a beautiful sunny day, you glance up to find a line of little birds perched on power wires staring down at you. How do they manage to stand on an electric line without getting shocked? It's a valid question because you know that touching that line yourself will very certainly result in a deadly electric shock. 

Electrocution is defined as an injury or death caused by an electrical shock. If birds aren't electrocuted while perched on an electric line, they aren't being shocked by electricity. In layman's terms, this means that electricity can travel through the birds without harming them. What are the reasons, however, that birds are not electrocuted? In a nutshell, electricity is generated by electrons moving through conductors. If birds aren't getting shocked as they fly over an electric wire, it suggests the bird isn't a good conductor of electricity. This means that birds do not allow electricity from the cable to go into their bodies.

Birds may sit on power lines because the electrical current ignores the presence of the bird and continues to flow through the wire rather than through the bird's body. The body of a bird is a poor conductor of electricity. Like water, electricity flows with the least amount of resistance possible. Copper wires carry electricity in electrical power cables. Copper is a great electrical conductor, allowing electricity to flow freely over its surface.

On the other hand, a bird is made up of cells and tissues. These cells and tissues do not give a simpler path for the electricity in the wire to travel than the one it is already on. Because a bird's body is not a strong conductor of electricity, the electricity ignores the bird on the wire and proceeds on to its goal along with the copper wiring. 

There’s another reason why birds can sit on a wire without getting shocked. There’s no voltage difference in a single wire. 

For electrons to move, there must be what scientists call a difference in electrical potential. For example, energy flows from areas of high voltage to areas of low voltage. If it flows through a single power line at 35,000 volts, it will continue along the path of least resistance. That means it’ll bypass birds because there’s no difference in electrical potential. This is not the case with humans as everything circuit is earthed. 

Thank you for taking the time to read this article, hope you found it useful.

KNOW WHY THERE IS A ROPE IN POLICE UNIFORM !

Friends, you must have seen that a police officer's costume has a rope in it that goes in his pocket; nevertheless, it is not a regular rope; rather, it is a sort of whistle that is tied to his uniform and hidden in his pocket.

First and foremost, it is not referred to as a rope. It's known as a lanyard, and it's worn by police, military, and paramilitary personnel. The rope on the shoulder of a police officer's uniform is known as a whistle cord or a Lanyard.

A fourragère is a braided string with a sharp spike at one end, often known as a lanyard. The fourragère is a historical military uniform component that originated in French uniforms and was used to bundle food for pack animals or cavalry horses. Lanyards were also employed by artillery troops in the nineteenth century to hold devices that were used to modify the fuses on artillery projectiles. They repositioned the lanyard to be worn over the shoulder for ceremonial uniforms, and it is color-coded to designate a unit or post.

Lanyard is an essential component of army, paramilitary, police, and other security personnel's uniforms. In most police and paramilitary forces, gazetted officers (DSP/ASP and above) wear black lanyards, whereas lower-ranking officers wear khaki ones (depending upon the states in case of the police force). Different lanyards are used by army personnel depending on the regiments in which they are commissioned. Uniform includes lanyards, which frequently have a whistle at the end.

This whistle is used anytime a police officer has to halt a car in an emergency scenario or occasionally has to deliver a message to another police officer who is in difficulties.

However, if a soldier is injured and alone, he can use whistling to alert those around or the rescue squad to his condition. The whistling sound may be heard at a greater distance than one might imagine. Thank you for taking the time to read this article, hope you found it useful.

KNOW WHY CRICKETERS USE WHITE POWDER DURING MATCH !

One of the things we've always been curious about is the white cream that cricket players use on their faces. 

Zinc oxide is the white cream that many cricketers use on their faces. Zinc oxide is a physical sunscreen that rests on top of the skin and is known as a reflector. It creates a thick protective coating that helps to deflect the sun's damaging UVA and UVB rays away from the skin. 

Chemical sunscreens, often known as absorbers, are the ones you use every day. These absorb into the skin, allowing UVA and UVB rays to pass through the top layer before being dealt with under the surface. Because cricketers might be exposed to direct sunlight for up to 6 hours during a game, they utilize zinc oxide. Playing five days in a row in the sun is not a simple task during a Test match, and since the players are taking every care to keep healthy, it is critical to pay attention to minor details.

This much sun exposure may be dangerous, therefore protecting your skin with a reflecting physical sunscreen like Zinc oxide on vulnerable regions is the safest method to avoid skin damage. Zinc creams, even colored ones, are effective because a thick coating of the cream filters all UVA and UVB rays, ensuring that ears, noses, and cheeks are protected.   

Compared to traditional chemical sunscreens, zinc oxide has a number of advantages:

Zinc oxide gets to work right away. The majority of chemical sunscreens advocate waiting 20 minutes after application before going outside in the sun. When it comes to zinc oxide lotion, you're good to go as soon as you apply it. It's gentle enough for even the most delicate skin. Chemical sunscreens, on the other hand, might irritate the skin. Zinc oxide can aid in skin healing and irritation reduction. Thank you for taking the time to read this article, hope you found it useful.

KNOW WHY AIRPLANES DO NOT FLY OVER THE PACIFIC OCEAN !

There are some exceptions, though the majority of commercial airlines do not offer flights directly across the Pacific Ocean between the United States and Asia. They prefer curved pathways that go through landmasses instead. You might ask why commercial planes do not fly directly across the Pacific Ocean if you are not familiar with commercial flights. Let's answer this in the following article.

Planes do not fly over the Pacific because curved routes are shorter than straight routes. Straight roads may not necessarily provide the shortest route between two locations. For any commercial airline, a curved route will give the fastest and most fuel-efficient trip. If you want, try an experiment with a globe. Locate two places on the globe. Link a length of rope to show a straight route, draw a line between these two points. When you're done, draw a line across the rope at this distance with a marker. Now it's time to work out the length of a curved line that connects the same two points. Use the same rope to connect the two spots using a curved route. Try this and you will see that the curved way is shorter than the straightway.

Commercial airlines frequently travel along with a northern curving pattern between Alaska and Canada. It leads to a shorter route, which saves time.

Another reason is jet streams, which are a group of air currents circling the Earth many miles above the surface of Earth. These air currents generally migrate west to east due to the Earth's rotation. When you are flying in the same direction as a jet stream, it helps an airplane save fuel and time.

So these are the basic reasons for planes not flying over the pacific ocean. Thank you for reading the article. 

KNOW THE MEANING OF U/A, U, A, AND OTHER CERTIFICATIONS GIVEN TO MOVIES IN INDIA !

All movies in India open with a black-and-white page with a lot of text on it. And you must have noticed, this page always has a capital U, A, or a UA at it top right corner. Have you thought of what do these letters mean? Let's discuss the whole background about this in the following article.

This page is the mandatory Film Certificate that is issued by the Censor Board of Film Certification (CBFC). The CBFC categorizes the film into U, UA, A, and S.

The 'U' - Stands for 'Unrestricted/ Universal', which means everybody is permitted to watch the film.

The 'UA' - Stands for 'Unrestricted with Caution/ Parental Guidance', which means parental guidance is required for viewers under the age of 12.

The 'A' - Stands for 'Adults Only', which obviously prohibits anybody under the age of 18 to watch the film in theatres.

The 'S' - Stands for 'Restricted to special classes', which means only certain members of the society, such as doctors, scientists, etc, are permitted to watch the film.

Apart from the above categories, V/U, V/UA and V/A- are for the parts of the video released from the film with specific certificates.

The certificate (Part 1) must be displayed on the screen for a minimum of 10 seconds before the movie begins. If there is a Part 2 of the certificate, which is a list of the cuts suggested in the movie, it must be displayed in the theatre where the movie is playing. In fact, both parts of the certificate must be "prominently" displayed in the theatre lobby.

Thank you for reading the article.

KNOW WHY DO MOBILE NUMBERS HAVE EXACTLY 10 DIGITS !

We have been using mobile phones for a long time, one thing that we have been noticing is that mobile number contains 10 digits. Have you ever thought about why there are only 10 digits in a mobile number, why not 9 or 11? Let's understand this in the following article.

The number of digits in a mobile number depends primarily on the population of a country. This is because the number of mobile numbers available should obviously outnumber the number of users. The current population of India is 1,350,403,177.So, we have already surpassed the 10 digit population at this moment. There is no scope for making mobile numbers less than 10 digits.

It is always assumed that each and every citizen will possess a mobile phone. Therefore, India settled for 10 digit numbers under the Government’s National Numbering Plan (NNP). By keeping 10 digit numbers, we get a combination of 1,000 crore numbers. Here is how,

It is all about permutations and combinations,

How many single-digit numbers do we know? 10.

Thus, if phone numbers were to have 2 digits, how many different number combinations would be available? 10 x 10 = 100.

In the same fashion, if phone numbers were to have 9 digits, this would only satisfy 1,000 million (100 crore) subscribers.

Hence, the 10-digit mobile number.

10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 10,00,00,00,000 = 10 billion (1000 crore) subscribers!

This offers us 10 billion (1000 crore) different combinations.

The Department of Telecommunication had implemented this 10 digits mobile number in 2003 for the next 30 years but when it crossed 11 years the quota is at the final stage. The officials confirm that due to the high demand, the need for 11 combinations will arise within 2 or 3 years.

This is to say that India might get an 11 or 12 digit mobile number in the future. Let’s see. Thank you for reading the article.

KNOW WHY ROCKETS ARE LAUNCHED FROM SRIHARIKOTA !!

Whenever we hear the news of a rocket launch in India, one thing is common among them-all of them are launched from Sriharikota, AP. Have you ever imagined why rockets are launched from Sriharikota? Let's discuss this in the following article.

It was in 1969, Sriharikota, which houses the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) or Sriharikota High Altitude Range (SHAR), was chosen as a satellite launching station. Several factors were taken into consideration while selecting Sriharikota as India's ideal satellite launchpad.

1.) Equatorial Equation: Most satellites orbit the earth around the equator, and Southern India is closer to the equator than other regions of the country. So launching from here saves expensive rocket fuel.

2.) Near the Sea: Sriharikota is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal and Pulicat lake. Once a rocket ignites and lifts off, there's not much control over it even if it deviates from its set path or does not follow its trajectory. If such a situation however occurs, a destruct command is given out. This command destroys or completely disintegrates the rocket and makes it fall into the sea. Places near the sea or desert, with no habitation, are chosen as a safety measure.

3.) Stable geographical platform: One of the major criteria for the selection of launchpad is a stable platform which means soil should be strong, with the hard rock below it. This is done to withstand intense vibrations produced during the rocket launch. Sriharikota meets this criterion making it an ideal launchpad.

4.) Velocity: Since the earth rotates from west to east, in order to use the rotation as a boost and to not rather spend precious fuel against it, the rocket needs to launch eastwards. So launching a satellite in an eastward direction, as close to the equator as possible, gives the launch vehicle, or the space equivalent of the discus, extra thrust. This, in turn, saves precious rocket fuel.

While these are some of the most important criteria that need to be considered while deciding the location of the launchpad, several other smaller considerations, like the geomagnetic fields and climate, that also play a role in the decision-making.

Over the years, ISRO has had 60 tech-development launches, 87 Indian spacecraft launches, 8 student satellite launches, 2 re-entry missions, and 180 foreign satellites- from 23 countries- lift-offs from Sriharikota.

Thank you for reading the article.